• Widely expressed mammalian adhesion receptors

  2021-07-19

  

  Widely expressed mammalian adhesion receptors for fibrillar collagens include the α2β1- and α11β1-integrins and the discoidin domain receptors (DDRs), DDR1 and DDR2 (Leitinger, 2011). Integrins and DDRs bind distinct and separate motifs in native fibrillar collagen (Curat et al., 2001, Vogel et al.,

• Exon encodes a section of

  2021-07-19

  

  Exon 3 encodes a section of the extracellular ligand-binding domain and two variants in the 5′ region were first identified in Drosophila melanogaster (Semenov and Pak, 1999). These variants were initially termed modules 1 and 2 and correspond to exons 3a and 3b, respectively. To date, exon 3 altern

• We observed the IVM potentiation of

  2021-07-19

  

  We observed the IVM potentiation of currents induced by the EC5 of Glu or GABA and the IVM inhibition of currents induced by the EC90 of Glu or GABA in wild-type GluCls and GABACls. The EC50 of IVM for the potentiation in GluCls was 3.5-fold smaller than that in GABACls (Fig. 4, Fig. 8B, Table 2), a

• The N B method has the overall advantage

  2021-07-19

  

  The N&B method has the overall advantage that it is not restricted to certain dyes specific for energy transfer [55], and is also able to detect higher order receptor ubiquitin e3 ligase on the focal point in living cells. Conclusion The N&B method has shown to be a powerful tool to locate and

• br Funding This work was supported by

  2021-07-19

  

  Funding This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number 81671411); Beijing Natural Science Foundation (grant number 7162062); Beijing Nova Program Interdisciplinary Cooperation Projects (grant number Z161100004916045); Beijing Municipality Health Technolo

• br Introduction Phoenixin PNX is

  2021-07-19

  

  Introduction Phoenixin (PNX) is a recently discovered peptide produced mainly in hypothalamus by proteolytic cleavage of a small integral membrane protein 20 (Smim20) [1]. The most important endogenous active isoforms of PNX are amided peptides, composed of 14 and 20 AZ3146 [2]. Previous data pr

• br Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans CSPGs

  2021-07-19

  

  Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) are major components of the extracellular matrix in cartilage. Each CSPG comprises a single core protein and attached chondroitin sulfate (CS), belonging to the glycosaminoglycan family of sugar chains. CSPGs and CS are involved in numerous biological and

• In addition to tissue resident

  2021-07-17

  

  In addition to tissue-resident stromal and myeloid cell populations, ILCs also readily engage in positive-feedback loops with myeloid 4-ethylphenyl sulfate recruited from the circulation. TNF-α produced by inflammatory monocytes recruited to the lungs of mice infected with Klebsiella pneumoniae mar

• br A brief introduction to DUBs

  2021-07-17

  

  A brief introduction to DUBs The reversal of ubiquitin conjugation of targeted proteins relies on deubiquitinating apigenin mg (DUBs), which catalytically cleave single Ub or poly-ubiquitin chains from proteins. The human genome encodes approximately 100 potential DUBs which can be classified in

• Our data also showed that D dopamine receptor was down

  2021-07-17

  

  Our data also showed that D2 dopamine receptor was down-regulated in the hippocampus, NAc and striatum of F1-MEP animals, which was only significant in the hippocampus. Both agonists and antagonists of D2 dopamine receptor are able to decrease heroin self-administration (Hemby et al., 1996; Rowlett

• In laboratory strains of Escherichia coli three mechanisms

  2021-07-17

  

  In laboratory strains of Escherichia coli, three mechanisms of repair for alkylated bases are known. The first involves constitutively expressed Ogt and inducible Ada methyltransferases, directly removing methyl groups from O6-methylguanine (O6meG) and O4-methylthymine (O4meT) [1], [2], [3], [4]. In

• Our results suggest that formation of DDR b clusters

  2021-07-17

  

  Our results suggest that formation of DDR1b clusters may be important for and precede receptor phosphorylation. Indeed, while DDR1b clustering was readily detected (by YFP signal) 30 min after collagen administration, phosphorylated DDR1 species at Y513 (present in the IJXM) were evident after 4 h o

• Various domains of DDR have been shown to be

  2021-07-17

  

  Various domains of DDR1 have been shown to be important for receptor clustering and its oligomeric status. It is now understood that (i) dimerization [7] and higher-order oligomerization [12], [18] of the DDR1 extracellular domain (ECD) enhance its binding to collagen; (ii) DDR1 exists as non-covale

• Given the importance of cysteine cathepsin

  2021-07-17

  

  Given the importance of cysteine cathepsin inhibitors as putative therapeutic molecules and microbial virulence factors, we chose to investigate whether Yersinia enterocolitica may be a potent producer of such inhibitors. Y. enterocolitica is the most heterogeneous species within the genus Yersinia.

• Experiment Blunted fear potentiated startle

  2021-07-17

  

  Experiment 2: Blunted fear-potentiated startle due to deficient fear acquisition. SERT+/+ and SERT+/− showed significant acquisition of the cue-shock association, whereas SERT−/− did not (trial×genotype interaction: F2,50=3.3, pand endothelin receptor antagonists of fear-potentiated startle. Acqu

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