• In summary our findings support the hypothesis that activati

  2022-07-12

  

  In summary, our findings support the hypothesis that activation of GPR55 protects against deficits in neurogenesis induced by inflammatory insult both in vitro and in vivo through direct targeting of NSCs. Better understanding of the mechanisms by which GPR55 provides neuroprotection is critically n

• GLP is an intestinal peptide hormone that is released by

  2022-07-12

  

  GLP-1 is an intestinal peptide hormone that is released by the gut following ingestion of food, particularly RGFP966 and fats. Following its release, GLP-1 stimulates pancreatic β-cells to secrete insulin (Hirasawa et al., 2005, Covington et al., 2006). Originally, GLP-1 acted in a similar manner t

• To determine the functional consequences of HIV gp

  2022-07-12

  

  To determine the functional consequences of HIV gp120 binding to vaginal epithelial cells, an annotation clustering of the differentially expressed genes was performed. The top enriched biological processes included an inflammatory immune response, defense response and the pathways included the SODD

• br Endogenous lipids as SLC transporter modulators Lipids

  2022-07-11

  

  Endogenous lipids as SLC6 transporter modulators Lipids constitute part of the environment in which membrane-embedded transporters operate [62]. Endogenous lipids can act as inhibitory ligands [63] or functionally important components of the membrane that impart changes in transporter structure [

• k j and d were then submitted

  2022-07-11

  

  15k, 15j and 14d, were then submitted to metabolic stability studies in human and mouse liver microsomes and permeability test with Caco-2 cells (Table 7). 15k, 15j and 14d all retained excellent permeability (Papp value greater than 15.2 × 10−6 cm/s) and displayed modestly improved metabolic stabil

• br The hippocampus and spatial memory Numerous lines of

  2022-07-11

  

  The hippocampus and spatial memory Numerous lines of evidence have implicated the rodent hippocampus in spatial forms of learning and memory (O’Keefe and Nadel, 1978). For example, hippocampal lesions produce robust and reliable deficits on spatial memory tasks such as the Morris watermaze in bot

• Introduction Human pathogenic Leishmania protozoa comprise d

  2022-07-11

  

  Introduction Human pathogenic Leishmania protozoa comprise 20 different species that are distributed throughout the world and cause the disease leishmaniasis [1]. Transmission primarily occurs through the bite of a female sand fly and clinical manifestations of the disease span from cutaneous lesio

• In conclusion we have shown that AKR

  2022-07-11

  

  In conclusion, we have shown that AKR1D1 regulates glucocorticoid availability and GR activation and therefore represents a key pre-receptor regulator of hormonal action in human liver. However, there are additional questions that need to be addressed including dissecting the broader role of AKR1D1

• To identify inhibitors of the Hh GLI signaling pathway

  2022-07-11

  

  To identify inhibitors of the Hh/GLI signaling pathway from natural resources, we have recently reported the successful construction of a cell-based screening assay system for the Hh/GLI signaling pathway (Fig. 1). This is an assay using a GLI-dependent luciferase reporter in human keratinocyte cell

• The findings in this study may

  2022-07-11

  

  The findings in this study may represent an example of a more general phenomenon, namely that the exquisite specificity of the G protein-coupled receptors that mediate the physiological actions of the ll 37 family hormones in mammals may have arisen relatively late in evolution. In non-mammalian ver

• Cartilage and subchondral bone synovial tissue interactions

  2022-07-11

  

  Cartilage and subchondral bone/synovial tissue interactions are well-recognized features of joint failure and osteoarthritis[17](seeFig. 1A, B). The intimate mechanical and biological interactions between these tissues are likely to alter the structural organization and function of either tissue. Ho

• br Discussion The model of a NVU described by

  2022-07-11

  

  Discussion The model of a NVU described by Mathias et al. (2018) has been implemented on the macro scale (see Kenny et al. (2018b)) via a 2D cerebral tissue slice coupled to a vascular tree. In particular, further communication within the tissue slice has been implemented via extracellular ion el

• Compounds that induce exocytosis in cultured cells include

  2022-07-08

  

  Compounds that induce exocytosis in cultured Alisol B 23-acetate include Ca2+-dependent [14] or Ca2+-independent [15] mechanisms. Ca2+-dependent exocytosis releases soluble enzyme content from lysosomes [16] operating by increasing the cytosolic concentration of Ca2+[13] by recruiting extracellular

• Materials and methods br Results

  2022-07-08

  

  Materials and methods Results and discussion Acknowledgments This work was supported in part by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science KAKENHI Grants JP21300174 and JP25282144 (H.K.). Introduction Epigenetic modifications of histones, such a lysine acetylation, play a key role in

• Reduction of the hydrolysis of

  2022-07-08

  

  Reduction of the hydrolysis of ATP is an important strategy to reduce ischemia/reperfusion injury. Increased intracellular concentrations of solutes secondary to ATP depletion are known to result in osmotic swelling that may be sufficient to cause sarcolemmal rupture. Cinaciguat activates sGC direct

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