• br Origin of the vertebrate hexokinase gene

  2022-08-26

  

  Origin of the vertebrate hexokinase gene family Multiple hexokinases have been found in vertebrates, plants and yeast (Wilson, 1995, Cárdenas et al., 1998). A hexokinase in both vertebrates and yeast has, unfortunately, been named glucokinase. The sharing of the name glucokinase has suggested to

• br Voltage dependent anion channel VDAC

  2022-08-25

  

  Voltage-dependent anion channel VDAC is a ubiquitous protein showing well conserved structural and functional properties in spite of major variations in its sequence (for review see [50]). Most of what we know about VDAC electrophysiological properties (for reviews, see [51], [52]) was initially

• br Acknowledgements br Introduction This article similar

  2022-08-25

  

  Acknowledgements Introduction This article, similar to those before [1,2], presents a selection of nails for those red blood cell physiologists with hammers. The various topics are not necessarily lost for, like occupants on a carousel, they reappear periodically. Sometimes, however, some arti

• br Conflict of interest br Transparency

  2022-08-25

  

  Conflict of interest Transparency document Acknowledgements We acknowledge our funding sources from the American Heart Association (13EIA4480016) and the National Institute of Health/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (RO1 HL094414). We are very grateful to Dr. Shaohua Xiao and Dr. S

• Some aspects of intercellular Ca wave spread are similar

  2022-08-25

  

  Some aspects of intercellular Ca2+ wave spread are similar to the phenomenon of spreading depression and associated with migraine headache [57]. These depolarization waves, followed by electrical inhibition, are evoked by transient hypoxia and other types of enkephalin mg injury and spread slowly a

• Encouraged by the observation obtained from region

  2022-08-25

  

  Encouraged by the observation obtained from region A, we selected the structure of 1 as the next template to successively pursue the SAR on regions B-D of 1 (lower side of Fig. 2). Next, we turned attention to the external aromatic ring of 1 to verify the impact on the antagonistic activity and prep

• Allergic rhinitis characterized by inflammation

  2022-08-24

  

  Allergic rhinitis, characterized by inflammation of the nasal membrane, results from an over-activated immune system exposed to 5-Formyl-UTP in sensitized individuals, and is associated with nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, sneezing, and pruritus. As histamine is a key mediator in triggering allergic

• br Author contributions br Declaration of conflict of

  2022-08-24

  

  Author contributions Declaration of conflict of interest Acknowledgements We are grateful to the Director, National Institute of Immunology for his support. The work was partially supported by J.C. Bose Fellowship to SSM. We acknowledge the help from staff of Small Animal Facility of Nation

• Classically HIF levels and consequently HIF transcriptional

  2022-08-24

  

  Classically HIF-α levels and consequently HIF transcriptional activity have been associated with hypoxic conditions. However, some years ago, regulation by hormones of HIF transcriptional activity under normoxic conditions was demonstrated. Different stimuli such as heregulin, IGF1 and insulin, amon

• It is important to highlight that glucose dependent generati

  2022-08-24

  

  It is important to highlight that glucose-dependent generation of OMP of high magnitudes occurs due to the voltage-gating properties of VDACs, because only small magnitudes of OMP were obtained when the VDAC voltage sensitivity was zero (Fig. 5). These results indicate a possible physiological role

• Mitochondrial binding by HK prevents mortality by inhibiting

  2022-08-24

  

  Mitochondrial binding by HK prevents mortality by inhibiting pro-apoptotic factor (Bcl-2 family)-mediated opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) (Arora and Pedersen, 1988, Calmettes et al., 2016, Kodde et al., 2007, Pedersen et al., 2002, Rosano, 2011, Schindler and Foley,

• Currently the computational chemical biology

  2022-08-24

  

  Currently, the computational chemical biology has been applied in hepatitis B antiviral drug discovery research [18]. Tan et al. explored oxime ethers as HBV inhibitors by docking and screening [19]. Allen et al. clarified the resistance of HBV to the nucleoside drug lamivudine [20]. The results sug

• br Amino acid usage in cancer br

  2022-08-24

  

  Amino cholinesterase inhibitor usage in cancer Perspective High glucose consumption is a common feature of several types of tumor cells. Therefore, so far, in vivo positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with the glucose analog 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) has been used to detect vario

• While PLGA implants could be

  2022-08-24

  

  While PLGA implants could be beneficial for regenerative angiogenesis in the context of wound healing, they chem 8 could also lead to adverse effects. Indeed, extracellular acidification inhibits osteoblast proliferation, differentiation, and extracellular matrix mineralization, which might hamper

• Migratory properties of Treg are extremely

  2022-08-24

  

  Migratory properties of Treg are extremely important for the potential in vivo application. Therefore, the observed expression of CXCR3 on almost all obtained insulin-specific Treg is crucial for directing RI-1 into the inflamed tissue (in this case pancreatic islets). CXCR3 responds to CXCL9, CXCL

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