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br ABCA is a sterol
2024-04-12

ABCA2 is a sterol-responsive gene The first evidence to demonstrate that ABCA2 expression responded to sterol loading was provided in an experiment involving monocyte to macrophage differentiation in vitro. Upon sterol loading with enzymatically degraded LDL (eLDL), ABCA2 expression increased onl
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br Materials and Methods br Results br Discussion Voluminous
2024-04-12

Materials and Methods Results Discussion Voluminous literature is available describing the regulation of SB743921 receptor homeostasis by central and peripheral mechanisms in poultry [35,36]. However, the neuroendocrine mechanism(s) of photoperiod induced hypothalamic regulation of food in
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br Introduction Nausea and vomiting are among the
2024-04-12

Introduction Nausea and vomiting are among the most distressing side effects associated with chemotherapy in cancer patients (Billio et al., 2010). Severe emesis can negatively affect a patient's nutritional state, ability to work and motivation, which can, in turn, interfere with the clinical co
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The most widely recognized effects
2024-04-12

The most widely recognized effects of adenosine are operated through inhibiting A1R, one of the most abundant G protein-coupled receptors in racecadotril tissue [53]. A1R are located presynaptically, postsynaptically and nonsynaptically [54]. Effect of adenosine in neuronal circuits of adult mammal
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SMI-4a Among the enzymes involved in adenosine
2024-04-12

Among the enzymes involved in adenosine metabolism, adenosine kinase plays an important role in regulating formation and release of endogenous adenosine in cardiomyocytes as well as vascular endothelial cells Decking et al., 1997, Kowaluk et al., 1998, Smolenski et al., 1994. Inhibition of adenosine
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Systematic administration of ABT amino bromophenyl morpholin
2024-04-12

Systematic administration of ABT-702 (4-amino-5-(3-bromophenyl)-7-(6-morpholino-pyridin-3-yl) pyrido[2,3-d] pyrimidine), a potent and selective non-nucleoside AK inhibitor, also generates analgesic effects in animal models of pain (Jarvis et al., 2000, Kowaluk et al., 2000, Suzuki et al., 2001), sug
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br Occurrence of Inosine in RNA
2024-04-12

Occurrence of Inosine in RNA Inosine is widespread among various types of RNAs including transfer RNA (tRNA), ribosomal RNA (rRNA), messenger RNA (mRNA), long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), and microRNA (miRNA). Within these RNAs, inosine can appear in different locations as well. Table 1 lists example
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clodronate br Conclusions The following are the supplementar
2024-04-12

Conclusions The following are the supplementary data related to this article. Author contributions Conflict of interest Funding sources This work was supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research [grant: MOP-79470]. Introduction Sperm cells undergo a number of physical and
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br Discussion One binding site
2024-04-12

Discussion One binding site, MB327-1 (Fig. 4) is located in the extracellular domain between the γ and α subunits. MB327 adopts an extended conformation in the MB327-1 site and is oriented parallel to the channel. The second putative binding site, MB327-2 (Fig. 4) is situated deep inside the chan
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Double immunofluorescence staining of Gas
2024-04-11

Double immunofluorescence staining of Gas6 and Axl with neuronal specific nuclear protein (NeuN), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba-1), demonstrated that Gas6 and Axl are expressed by neurons, astrocytes and microglia/macrophages (Fig. 2). In
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We showed that activation of the ATM ATR pathway
2024-04-11

We showed that activation of the ATM/ATR pathway leads to over-replication through suppression of CDK1 activity, consistent with previous findings that suppression of CDK1 activity is involved in the polyploidization of megakaryocyte and trophoblast cells [36], [37], [38], [39]. Suppression of CDK1
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PD research involves the use of many animal
2024-04-11

PD research involves the use of many animal models, which can be categorized into two main types: toxic models—among which the two most widely used are the classical 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) model in rats and the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) model in mice and monkeys—and gen
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Introduction The burden of cardiovascular disease CVD is
2024-04-11

Introduction The burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is undisputed, accounting for approximately a third of global deaths (17.5 million people in 2012) (WHO, 2012). Atherosclerosis leads to the development of coronary heart disease (CHD) which accounts for more than 40% of these deaths (WHO, 201
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Recently different kinds of A aggregation
2024-04-11

Recently, different kinds of Aβ aggregation inhibitors have been reported, including small molecules [8], peptides [9], and nanoparticles (NPs) [10]. The working mechanisms of the inhibitors are mostly to bind or adsorb Aβ molecules and to affect the conformational changes followed by blocking the a
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Circular dichroism CD provides useful information
2024-04-11

Circular dichroism (CD) provides useful information about protein structure, the extent and rate of structural changes and ligand binding. CD is a form of light Afuresertib spectroscopy that measures differences in the absorbance of right- and left-circularly polarized light (rather than the common
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